What is Endometriosis? Chocolate Cyst, Endometrioma
It is the settlement and growth of intrauterine cells (endometrial cells) (cells that provide menstrual bleeding) anywhere outside the uterus. It is most common in the ovaries, tubes, peritoneum and intestines. But it can occur anywhere in the body.
When is endometriosis (chocolate cyst, endometrioma) most common?
It is most common in women of reproductive age, i.e. young women. It is very common and its frequency is up to 30%. Especially most women who cannot have children have it.
What are the most common symptoms of endometriosis?
Pain during menstruation (dysmenorrhea), painful intercourse (dyspareunia), lower abdominal pain (pelvic pain) and infertility (infertility)
How does endometriosis occur?
It is caused by genetic, intrauterine cells developing outside the uterus and menstrual blood escaping into the abdomen. After these intrauterine cells settle outside the uterus, they bleed every month during menstruation and form cysts, which are called chocolate cysts (endometrioma).
What does endometriosis cause?
It can cause adhesions in the abdomen, nerve involvement and reflected pain, impaired ovarian function, impaired function of the tubes and obstruction in the tubes, large cysts, i.e. chocolate cysts, can occur. As a result, abdominal pain that does not go away, i.e. chronic pelvic pain, intestinal adhesions, infertility may occur.
Does endometriosis cause infertility?
It is an important cause of infertility. Endometriosis causes infertility.
What is the most common cause of persistent lower abdominal pain?
Endometriosis is the most common cause. Endometriosis is a common disease and can affect any part of the body. It can cause menstrual pain that does not go away, pain during sexual intercourse, pain radiating to the groin and legs, and pain when going to the toilet.
Is there a cure for endometriosis?
Pain treatment, infertility treatment, chocolate cyst treatment.
How to treat endometriosis pain?
If the patient has chocolate cysts, the cysts are removed by laparoscopic or robotic surgery and adhesions are opened. If there is no cyst, painful menstruation or painful sexual intercourse is treated with appropriate painkillers or, if necessary, hormone therapy and endometriosis compression therapy. If the pain does not go away, there is either intra-abdominal adhesion or nerve involvement. Laparoscopic or robotic surgery is performed. The most commonly involved nerve is the sciatic nerve. It causes pain in the groin, inner side of the leg or reflected to the leg. Nerve involvement is treated surgically.
How is endometrioma or chocolate cyst treated?
The most effective approach is laparoscopic or robotic removal of the cyst. Open surgery is no longer recommended. During surgery, cysts should be removed completely, no cysts should be left behind and the ovary should not be damaged. Surgery is difficult and requires experience. Surrounding organs should not be damaged due to adhesions.
Which cysts are surgically treated in endometriosis?
Generally, surgery is not performed for cysts under 5 cm. It is followed up and supported with medication. Sometimes adhesions without cysts require surgery.
Does endometriosis cause nerve involvement?
It can involve all nerves. But the most important is sciatic nerve involvement. It is called sciatic nerve endometriosis. It is difficult to diagnose. It is confused with other diseases. Treatment is surgical. It is essential to be experienced in this field.
Does endometriosis involve the intestines?
It can involve the intestines and bladder. It can cause bleeding and pain. Diagnosis is difficult. Treatment is surgical.
How to treat infertility in endometriosis?
With laparoscopic or robotic surgery, chocolate cysts are removed if they are larger than 5 cm and adhesions are opened. If ovarian function is reduced, ovulation is achieved with medication. If not successful, in vitro fertilization is performed. If two of the tubes are blocked, only IVF treatment can be successful. If only one tube is blocked, drug treatment can be tried.
How is ovarian function assessed in endometriosis?
It is done by checking egg count and AMH hormone on ultrasound
How is endometriosis monitored?
These patients are evaluated at 6-month intervals. Hormonal suppression is applied. The most important thing is the patients' complaints, they are followed up. CA 125 is elevated in endometriosis. It decreases after surgery. It can be used for follow-up after surgery. But it is not a sign of anything. It does not show the severity of cancer or disease.
Does endometriosis recur?
It may recur after hormonal suppression and after surgery. Recurrence after surgery takes longer. The risk of recurrence is reduced after suppression therapy.
Endometriozis tedavi ücreti 2026
If surgery is not required, treatment is performed under outpatient clinic conditions. If laparoscopic or robotic surgery is required, it is planned free of charge in public hospitals and free of charge in private hospitals if you have health insurance. You can contact us about this.
Can endometriomas become cancerous?
Endometrioma, or chocolate cysts, can rarely develop cancer. Annual controls must be done. There are usually changes in the cyst before cancer. Pathologic diagnosis is made after surgery.
Correct diagnosis and correct surgery !!!
Write a Reply